• Born as the Prince of Orange in Holland, William married his first cousin Mary Stuart – the daughter of James II
• The Glorious Revolution of 1688, led by William and a Dutch army after an invitation from Parliament, was the last successful invasion of England
• Their reign was the only time an English king and queen ruled together

George I (1660-1727)
Reign: 1714-1727
House: Hanover

• Born and raised in Hanover (Germany), he was considered “too German” by many of his British subjects
• He had his wife Sophia Dorothea imprisoned on charges of adultery and abandonment
• On the advice of Master of the Mint Sir Isaac Newton, George banned the exchange of gold guineas for more than 21 shillings – contributing to the rise of the gold standard

Anne (1665-1714)
Reign: 1702-1714
House: Stuart

• When the Acts of Union were adopted in 1707, she became the first monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain
• Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) was the second in a series of French and Indian Wars in North America
• Her likeness appears on the famous “VIGO” coins of 1702 and 1703; the coins were produced with gold and silver obtained from Spain after the Battle of Vigo Bay